Dental health is critical to your overall well-being, and common dental problems can cause many other health issues.
Since many of these problems can be prevented, it’s essential that you talk to your dentist if you experience any of the following symptoms:
1. Tooth decay (cavities)
Tooth decay, also known as cavities, is the destruction of the hard outer layer of your teeth (enamel) due to plaque buildup. The plaque bacteria digest the sugars from our diet and produce acids that erode tooth enamel. Symptoms can include toothache, sensitivity, visible holes, or pain when eating or drinking. Regular brushing, flossing, and dental checkups can help prevent tooth decay.
2. Gum disease (periodontal disease)
Gum disease is an infection of the gums surrounding the teeth. It’s primarily caused by poor oral hygiene leading to plaque buildup. Early-stage gum disease (gingivitis) can present symptoms such as red, swollen gums and bleeding during brushing or flossing. If left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis, causing gums to pull away from teeth, creating pockets that harbor infection. The treatment can include deep cleaning, scaling, root planing, and antibiotics. Severe cases may lead to surgery or tooth loss.
3. Tooth erosion
Tooth erosion is the loss of tooth structure due to acid attacking the enamel. Causes include excessive soft drink consumption (high levels of phosphoric and citric acids), fruit drinks (some acids in fruit drinks are more erosive than battery acid), dry mouth, and diet. Symptoms include sensitivity, cracking, and discolouration on the teeth. Treatment depends on the severity of tooth erosion and may include bonding, crowns, veneers, or dental implants.
4. Tooth sensitivity
Tooth sensitivity involves discomfort or pain in the teeth from sweets, cold air, hot drinks, cold drinks, or ice cream. Some people may also experience discomfort when brushing and flossing. It can be due to several reasons, including tooth decay, fractured teeth, worn fillings, gum disease, worn tooth enamel, or exposed tooth root. Treatment involves managing the underlying cause and may include using desensitizing toothpaste or having your dentist apply a protective coating to your teeth.
5. Bad breath (Halitosis)
Bad breath can be embarrassing and may be caused by various factors, including dry mouth, tobacco products, poor dental hygiene, or a medical disorder. Sometimes, halitosis is a sign of gum disease, cavities, oral cancer, or bacteria on the tongue. Treatment involves improved oral hygiene, tongue cleaning, hydration, quitting tobacco, and, if these don’t help, a dental or medical evaluation.
