Pulse oximeters are not the most accurate way to measure oxygen saturation, but they are less invasive than other methods, and reliable enough that you can trust its use as an assessment tool.
While your doctor is the best qualified person to interpret pulse oximeter readings, there are accepted guidelines to help you understand oximeter readings.
Any pre-existing health condition that affects breathing such as asthma, heart disease, or COPD will affect oxygen saturation. Normal values depend on your health, respiration, amount of oxygen in the air, physical activity, and other factors.
For a typical healthy individual, the blood saturation level (Sp02) should be around 94-99% Someone with a mild respiratory disease should have a Sp02 at 90% or above. If that level falls below 90%, it is considered a low blood oxygen level and supplementary oxygen should be used.
An abnormal range is below 88% Should you fall into this range, low blood oxygen saturation can affect your brain, and you need to consult with a physician immediately. Cyanosis is low blood oxygen, and the initial visible symptom is a blue tint to the skin usually starting around the mouth and fingertips. It happens when oxygen saturation reaches approximately 67%.
Another common condition that affects oxygen saturation is sleep apnea. A good way to monitor your condition is to keep an eye on your SpO2 level while asleep. Pay attention to the patterns. If you notice anything that’s not typical, it is time to consult your healthcare professional.
No matter what the reading is, there are other important criteria. Watch for signs of hypoxia (low oxygen supply in bodily tissues) or hypoxemia (low blood oxygen). In addition to Sp02, respiration is important. The amount of supplementary oxygen being used should be tracked as well. In a worst-case scenario emergency medical care may be necessary.
Pulse rate is also a predictor of health problems. Even a short period of low or high pulse rate can be a sign of heart problems. Both pulse and Sp02 are predictors of health problems. If you have abnormal readings even for a short period of time, see a doctor immediately.
Although pulse oximeters are generally dependable, there are times when they will not give accurate results. The device uses spectral measurements- -meaning it passes a beam of light through the fingertip, and the oxygen level is measured by how much light is absorbed as it passes through.
External factors such as nail polish, dark skin tones, and tremors can affect the reading. In other words, they have limitations. Make sure to read the documentation that comes with the device so you’re familiar with its capabilities.
