While extreme heat can put anyone at risk of heat illnesses, older adults, infants and young children, people with chronic illnesses, and those who work and exercise in the heat are especially vulnerable.
Heat-related illnesses include heat stroke and heat exhaustion, fainting, swelling of hands and feet (edema), rash and muscle cramps. If you, or someone in your care, experiences any of these symptoms, immediately move to a cool place and drink cool liquids – water is best.
Heat stroke is a medical emergency and requires prompt treatment. If someone has a high body temperature and is either unconscious, confused or has stopped sweating, call 9-1-1 or your local emergency number immediately. While waiting for help, move the person to a cool place if you can, apply cold water to large areas of their skin or clothing, and fan them as much as possible.
Here are some other tips for staying safe when the temperature soars:
• Frequently visit older neighbours, friends and family members, particularly those who are chronically ill or have mobility challenges, to make sure that they are cool and hydrated.
• Decrease your risk of dehydration by drinking cool liquids, especially water, before you feel thirsty.
• Plan outdoor activities during cooler parts of the day.
• Wear loose-fitting, light-colored clothing made of breathable fabric.
• Never leave people or pets in your care inside a parked vehicle or in direct sunlight.
• Spend time in the shade, or in cool or airconditioned places like swimming facilities, shopping malls, libraries and community centres.
• Block sun out by closing awnings, curtains or blinds during the day.
• Avoid sun exposure. Shade yourself by wearing a wide-brimmed, breathable hat or using an umbrella.
• Take cool showers or baths until you feel refreshed. n Prepare meals that don’t need to be cooked in your oven.
• Watch for heat alerts, and information about poor air quality, such as the Air Quality Health Index .
